前言
前面我们已经实现了服务的注册与发现(请戳:SpringCloud系列——Eureka 服务注册与发现),并且在注册中心注册了一个服务myspringboot,本文记录多个服务之间使用Feign调用。
Feign是一个声明性web服务客户端。它使编写web服务客户机变得更容易,本质上就是一个http,内部进行了封装而已。
GitHub地址:https://github.com/OpenFeign/feign
官方文档:https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-openfeign/2.1.0.RC2/single/spring-cloud-openfeign.html
服务提供者
提供者除了要在注册中心注册之外,不需要引入其他东西,注意以下几点即可:
1、经测试,默认情况下,feign只能通过@RequestBody传对象参数
2、接参只能出现一个复杂对象,例:public Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo) { ... }
3、提供者如果又要向其他消费者提供服务,又要向浏览器提供服务,建议保持原先的Controller,新建一个专门给消费者的Controller
测试Controller接口
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user/")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("list")
public Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo) {
return userService.list(entityVo);
}
@RequestMapping("get/{id}")
public Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
return userService.get(id);
}
}
服务消费者
消费者maven引入jar
<!-- feign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
配置文件
对日期的解析,消费者要跟提供者一致,不然会报json解析错误
#超时时间
feign.httpclient.connection-timeout=30000
#mvc接收参数时对日期进行格式化
spring.mvc.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
#jackson对响应回去的日期参数进行格式化
spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8
服务调用
1、springdatejpa 应用名称,是服务提供者在eureka注册的名字,Feign会从注册中心获取实例
2、如果不想启动eureka服务,直连本地开发:@FeignClient(name = "springdatejpa", path = "/user/",url = "http://localhost:10086"),或者无eureka,调用第三方服务,关闭eureka客户端 (eureka.client.enabled=false),url直接指定第三方服务地址,path指定路径,接口的方法指定接口
3、如果使用@RequestMapping,最好指定调用方式
4、消费者的返回值必须与提供者的返回值一致,参数对象也要一致
5、2019-05-21补充:如需进行容错处理(服务提供者发生异常),则需要配置fallback,如果需要获取到报错信息,则要配置fallbackFactory<T>,例:
fallback = MyspringbootFeignFallback.class,fallbackFactory = MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory.class
/**
* 容错处理(服务提供者发生异常,将会进入这里)
*/
@Component
public class MyspringbootFeignFallback implements MyspringbootFeign {
@Override
public Result<UserVo> get(Integer id) {
return Result.of(null,false,"糟糕,系统出现了点小状况,请稍后再试");
}
@Override
public Result<List<UserVo>> list(UserVo entityVo) {
return Result.of(null,false,"糟糕,系统出现了点小状况,请稍后再试");
}
}
/**
* 只打印异常,容错处理仍交给MyspringbootFeignFallback
*/
@Component
public class MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<MyspringbootFeign> {
private final MyspringbootFeignFallback myspringbootFeignFallback;
public MyspringbootFeignFallbackFactory(MyspringbootFeignFallback myspringbootFeignFallback) {
this.myspringbootFeignFallback = myspringbootFeignFallback;
}
@Override
public MyspringbootFeign create(Throwable cause) {
cause.printStackTrace();
return myspringbootFeignFallback;
}
}
Feign接口
更多@FeignClient注解参数配置,请参阅官方文档
@FeignClient(name = "springdatejpa", path = "/user/")
public interface MyspringbootFeign {
@RequestMapping(value = "get/{id}")
Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id);
@RequestMapping(value = "list", method = RequestMethod.GET)
Result<List<UserVo>> list(@RequestBody UserVo entityVo);
}
Controller层
/**
* feign调用
*/
@GetMapping("feign/get/{id}")
Result<UserVo> get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return myspringbootFeign.get(id);
}
/**
* feign调用
*/
@GetMapping("feign/list")
Result<List<UserVo>> list(UserVo userVo){
return myspringbootFeign.list(userVo);
}
启动类
启动类加入注解:@EnableFeignClients
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class MyspringbootApplication{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyspringbootApplication.class, args);
}
}
效果
成功注册两个服务
成功调用
报错记录
1、启动时报了个SQL错误
解决:配置文件连接数据时指定serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
2、当我将之前搭好的一个springboot-springdata-jpa整合项目在eureka注册时出现了一个报错
然后在网上查了下说是因为springboot版本问题(请戳:http://www.cnblogs.com/hbbbs/articles/8444013.html),之前这个项目用的是2.0.1.RELEASE,现在要在eureka注册,pom引入了就出现了上面的报错
<!-- eureka-client -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
解决:升级了springboot版本,2.1.0,项目正常启动
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<!--<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>-->
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
补充
2019-10-17补充:Feign设置header请求头
方法1,mapping的headers属性,单一设置
@FeignClient(name = "svc", path = "/modules/user/", url = "${feign.url}")
public interface UserFeign extends BaseFeign<UserVo> {
@PostMapping(value = "xxx",headers = {"Cookie", "JSESSIONID=xxx"})
ResultModel<List<UserVo>> xxx(UserVo entity);
}
方法2,自定义FeignInterceptor,全局设置
/**
* feign请求设置header参数
* 这里比如浏览器调用A服务,A服务Feign调用B服务,为了传递一致的sessionId
*/
@Component
public class FeignInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor{
public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate){
String sessionId = RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getSessionId();
requestTemplate.header("Cookie", "JSESSIONID="+sessionId);
}
}
这样就可以设置cookie,传递token等自定义值
常见场景1
通常我们一个服务web层、svc层、dao层,但有时候也会将拆分成两个服务:
web服务提供静态资源、页面以及controller控制器控制跳转,数据通过java调用svc服务获取;
svc服务,进行操作数据库以及业务逻辑处理,同时提供接口给web服务调用;
特殊情况下我们想svc服务的接口也做登录校验,所有接口(除了登录请求接口)都有做登录校验判断,未登录的无权访问,这时候就需要做sessionId传递,将web服务的sessionId通过Feign调用时传递到svc服务
web服务
注:登录成功后用sessionId作为key,登录用户的id作为value,保存到redis缓存中
登录拦截器
/**
* web登录拦截器
*/
@Component
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
//除了访问首页、登录页面、登录请求,其他的都要查看Redis缓存
String sessionId = request.getSession().getId();
String redis = template.opsForValue().get(sessionId);
if (!
//无需登录即可访问的接口
(requestURI.contains("/index/") || requestURI.contains("/login/index") || requestURI.contains("/login/login")
//静态资源
|| requestURI.contains(".js") || requestURI.contains(".css") || requestURI.contains(".json")
|| requestURI.contains(".ico")|| requestURI.contains(".png")|| requestURI.contains(".jpg"))
&& StringUtils.isEmpty(redis)) {//重定向登录页面
response.sendRedirect("/login/index?url=" + requestURI);
} else {
//正常处理请求
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
自定义FeignInterceptor
/**
* feign请求设置header参数
* 这里比如浏览器调用A服务,A服务Feign调用B服务,为了传递一致的sessionId
*/
@Component
public class FeignInterceptor implements RequestInterceptor{
public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate){
String sessionId = RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getSessionId();
requestTemplate.header("Cookie", "JSESSIONID="+sessionId);
}
}
svc服务
/**
* svc登录拦截器
*/
@Component
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
//service服务,查看Redis缓存,登录后才允许访问(除了checkByAccountNameAndPassword)
String sessionId = request.getRequestedSessionId();
if (!(requestURI.contains("/modules/user/checkByAccountNameAndPassword")) && StringUtils.isEmpty(template.opsForValue().get(sessionId))) {
//提示无权访问
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("对不起,你无权访问!");
out.flush();
out.close();
} else {
//正常处理请求
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
七天免登陆
会话期的sessionId,关闭浏览器后就失效了,所以就会退出浏览器后就需要重新登陆,有些情况我们并不想这样,我们想实现七天免登陆,这时候就需要自定义token,并且存放在cookie
登陆拦截器
/**
* web登录拦截器
*/
@Component
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {
/** 静态资源 为防止缓存,加上时间戳标志 */
private static final String STATIC_TAIL = "_time_=";
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate template;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
//无需登录即可访问的接口,登陆页面、登陆请求
if(requestURI.contains("/login/index") || requestURI.contains("/login/login")){
//正常处理请求
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
return;
}
//静态资源
if(requestURI.contains(".js") || requestURI.contains(".css") || requestURI.contains(".json")
|| requestURI.contains(".woff2") || requestURI.contains(".ttf")|| requestURI.contains(".ico")
|| requestURI.contains(".png")|| requestURI.contains(".jpg")|| requestURI.contains(".gif")){
//检查是否有防缓存时间戳
String queryStr = request.getQueryString();
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(queryStr) || !queryStr.trim().contains(STATIC_TAIL)){
response.sendRedirect(requestURI + "?" + STATIC_TAIL + System.currentTimeMillis());
return;
}
//正常处理请求
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
return;
}
//剩下的要检查redis缓存
String token = null;
for (Cookie cookie : request.getCookies()) {
if("TOKEN".equals(cookie.getName())){
token = cookie.getValue();
}
}
String redis = template.opsForValue().get(token);
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(redis)){
//重定向登录页面
response.sendRedirect("/login/index?url=" + requestURI);
return;
}
//如果都不符合,正常处理请求
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
登陆成功,设置cookie
public ResultModel<UserVo> login(UserVo userVo) {
此处省略查询操作...
if (true) {
HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getResponse();
//设置Redis,有效时长:7天
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
template.opsForValue().set(uuid, userVo.getAccountNo());
template.expire(uuid, 7 * 60 * 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//设置cookie,有效时长:7天
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("TOKEN", uuid);
cookie.setPath("/");
cookie.setMaxAge(7 * 24 * 60 * 60);
response.addCookie(cookie);
return ResultModel.of(userVo, true, "登录成功");
}
return ResultModel.of(null, false, "用户名或密码错误");
}
推出登陆,销毁cookie
public ResultModel<UserVo> logout() {
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getResponse();
String token = "";
for (Cookie cookie : request.getCookies()) {
if("TOKEN".equals(cookie.getName())){
token = cookie.getValue();
cookie.setValue(null);
cookie.setPath("/");
cookie.setMaxAge(0);// 立即销毁cookie
response.addCookie(cookie);
break;
}
}
template.delete(token);
return ResultModel.of(null, true, "操作成功!");
}
代码开源
代码已经开源、托管到我的GitHub、码云:
GitHub:https://github.com/huanzi-qch/springCloud
码云:https://gitee.com/huanzi-qch/springCloud
版权声明
作者:huanzi-qch
出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/huanzi-qch
若标题中有“转载”字样,则本文版权归原作者所有。若无转载字样,本文版权归作者所有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文链接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利.
本文暂时没有评论,来添加一个吧(●'◡'●)