写了一个小demo, 用于发送和接收消息,下面创建一个工作队列,向多个消费者分发耗时的任务

图是这样子的

代码学习

生产者

package com.tgb.kwy.workqueues;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import com.rabbitmq.client.MessageProperties;

/**

* Description

*生产

* @author kongwy 15732621629@163.com

* @version 1.0

* @date 2018-07-08-20 -58

*/

public class NewTask {

private static final String TASK_QUEUE_NAME="task_queue";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

ConnectionFactory factory=new ConnectionFactory();

factory.setHost("192.168.159.132");/*设置rabbitmq所在主机ip或主机名*/

/*指定用户名和密码*/

factory.setUsername("admin");

factory.setPassword("admin");

Connection connection=factory.newConnection();

Channel channel=connection.createChannel();

channel.queueDeclare(TASK_QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);

String message = getMessage(args);

channel.basicPublish("", TASK_QUEUE_NAME, MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN, message.getBytes("UTF-8"));

System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");

channel.close();

connection.close();

}

private static String getMessage(String[] strings){

if(strings.length<1){

return "Hello World!";

}

return joinStrings(strings," ");

}

private static String joinStrings(String[] strings,String delimiter){

int length=strings.length;

if(length==0){

return "";

}

StringBuilder words=new StringBuilder(strings[0]);

for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

words.append(delimiter).append(strings[i]);

}

return words.toString();

}

}

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消费者代码

package com.tgb.kwy.workqueues;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

/**

* Description

*

* @author kongwy 15732621629@163.com

* @version 1.0

* @date 2018-07-08-21 -03

*/

public class Worker {

private static final String TASK_QUEUE_NAME="task_queue";

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

ConnectionFactory factory=new ConnectionFactory();

factory.setHost("192.168.159.132");/*设置rabbitmq所在主机ip或主机名*/

/*指定用户名和密码*/

factory.setUsername("admin");

factory.setPassword("admin");

final Connection connection=factory.newConnection();

final Channel channel=connection.createChannel();

//声明队列,主要为了防止消息接受者先运行此程序,队列还不存在时创建队列

channel.queueDeclare(TASK_QUEUE_NAME,true,false,false,null);

System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

//channel.basicQos(1); // accept only one unack-ed message at a time (see below)

int prefetchCount=1;

channel.basicQos(prefetchCount);

final Consumer consumer=new DefaultConsumer(channel){

@Override

public void handleDelivery(String consumeTag,Envelope envelope,AMQP.BasicProperties properties,byte[] body)throws IOException{

String message=new String(body,"UTF-8");

System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");

try{

doWork(message);

}finally {

System.out.println("[x] Done");

channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);

}

}

};

boolean autoAck = true; // acknowledgment is covered below

channel.basicConsume(TASK_QUEUE_NAME,autoAck,consumer);

}

private static void doWork(String task){

for(char ch: task.toCharArray()){

if(ch == '.'){

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

}catch (InterruptedException _ignored){

Thread.currentThread().interrupt();

}

}

}

}

}

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运行结果

任务分发

轮询分发

rabbitmq将逐个发送消息到序列中的写一个消费者,平均每个消费者获得的数量是相同的

Fair dispatch

如果这里有两个消费者的话,可能一个消费者非常的忙碌,但是另一个消费者,几乎一直闲着.但是rabbitmq,还是会均匀地发送消息. 因为当消息进入队列后, rabbitmq就会分配消息,不会看消费者未确认消息的数量.所以为了解决这个问题,就使用了basicQos(prefetchCount=1)方法,来限制rabbitmq只发不超过1条的消息给同一个消费者.当消费者处理完毕后,得到反馈,再发送下一次

注:代码来自官网.官网对于概念性的内容,讲解的还是很清楚的